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Multilateralism in Mali. The French presidential discourse 2012-2022
Holotová, Olga ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
1 Abstract This master's thesis examines the stance of two French presidents towards a multilateral solution to the Malian crisis between 2012 and 2022. Specifically, it examines the presidential term of François Hollande and the first presidential term of Emmanuel Macron. This corresponds to the culmination of the Malian crisis, followed by the launch of Operation Serval, and the decision to withdraw French troops from Mali. The research focuses on presidential discourse in the form of 46 selected presidential speeches related to African policy towards Mali. Based on the characteristics of the French political system, the French president is a key actor in foreign policy, and his discourse therefore represents a relevant resource for examining the French stance towards multilateral cooperation in resolving the Malian crisis and the French position in its framework. From a methodological point of view, the thesis is a case study consisting of two cases of the two presidential terms mentioned above. Both presidential discourses are analysed using the method of critical discourse analysis. By identifying the key discursive elements referring to unilateral or multilateral perceptions of the French presence in Mali, the thesis defines the prevailing framework of the discourse of the two presidents and thus also...
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The position of the French President in the context of the Fifth Republic
Kajtman, Jakub ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The current French president has more possibilities to strengthen his position within the political system of the Fifth republic than his predecessors before the year 2000. This is the conclusion of this paper. At the turn of the millennium, French citizens have approved in a referendum the reduction of presidential term from seven to five years. In addition french prime minister initiated the change of the electoral calendar. Thanks to these reforms the probability that the system freezes in the period of cohabitation decreased significantly. In that context, this paper examines in what extend the role of the president became more important and how the last three french heads of state (Chirac, Sarkozy and Hollande) managed to behave within this new constitutional settlement. According to the results of this study, the president got wider possibilities especially in the field of practical execution of his mandate. It is because he can be more certain that the parliamentary majority will support him during his whole five year term. This means that the constitutional reform in 2000 (and next revisions in 2007 and 2008) made the political system clearer and it also stabilized the electoral calendar. Additionally, if an ambitious politician with the will of concentrating big amount of power only in his own...
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The Impact of Fukushima Accident on Energy Policy in France
Slepčan, Matej ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
This master thesis examines how the Fukushima accident has affected the French energy policy and the impact on the perception of nuclear energy by policymakers, the public and energy companies. Nuclear energy does comprises three-quarters of the total electricity production in the country and thus forms the backbone of the energy mix in France. The study uses comparative analysis as a main approach, to compare public discourse of state actors (in particular the President, the Ministry of Energy and Nuclear Safety Agency) and the French energy companies before and after the accident from March 11, 2011. At the beginning, the study refers on the position of nuclear energy in the world, historical development of nuclear energy in France and its importance for the energy security of the country. It also describes the Fukushima accident and its immediate consequences on nuclear energy worldwide. In a research section it presents a summary of France's energy policy before the Fukushima accident, in which emphasis was placed on maintaining a high share of nuclear energy in the energy mix of the country. In the next part of the research is described the French energy policy after the accident and subsequently the prospect of possible change of energy strategy of France.
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The position of the French President in the context of the Fifth Republic
Kajtman, Jakub ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The current French president has more possibilities to strengthen his position within the political system of the Fifth republic than his predecessors before the year 2000. This is the conclusion of this paper. At the turn of the millennium, French citizens have approved in a referendum the reduction of presidential term from seven to five years. In addition french prime minister initiated the change of the electoral calendar. Thanks to these reforms the probability that the system freezes in the period of cohabitation decreased significantly. In that context, this paper examines in what extend the role of the president became more important and how the last three french heads of state (Chirac, Sarkozy and Hollande) managed to behave within this new constitutional settlement. According to the results of this study, the president got wider possibilities especially in the field of practical execution of his mandate. It is because he can be more certain that the parliamentary majority will support him during his whole five year term. This means that the constitutional reform in 2000 (and next revisions in 2007 and 2008) made the political system clearer and it also stabilized the electoral calendar. Additionally, if an ambitious politician with the will of concentrating big amount of power only in his own...
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